Fresh+Water+River+Facts

= __Welcome to our Facts Page!! __ =

**by Kathryn G. and Noah M. **

 ==  ==


**Monera** are bacteria and other very tiny, single-celled organisms where the genetic material is loose in the cell. One example of a Monera in a freshwater River is //Flavobacterium psychrophilum //. It is a type of bacteria and <span style="color: rgb(242, 24, 24);">lives in along the shoreline of many rivers. It thrives on organic carbon, and is a very important consumer. Another example of a Monera is called //Marinomonas <span style="color: rgb(243, 127, 250);">protea .// <span style="color: rgb(0, 96, 255);">It lives in many shallow parts of the river. It consumes riverine dissolved organic matter. There are hundreds of bacteria that live in a Fresh Water River, but those are just two examples of what part of the river they live in and what they eat.



<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> =<span style="color: rgb(41, 250, 174); font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Protists in a Fresh Water River =

<span style="color: rgb(246, 116, 172);"><span style="color: rgb(248, 79, 204);">The name Protist, means "the very first" and this kingdom is made up of organisms that do not really fit in any other category. One example of Protists in a Freshwater river is algae. Algae is found in almost all of the fresh water rivers, but can occur in in salt water environments as well. It can have human health (drinking water), and ecological impacts. There are scientific names for the different types of algae. Algae is the common name most people use, but there are many different scientific names for the different types of algae. An example of a unique type of algae is //<span style="color: rgb(251, 131, 215);">Caulerpa racemosa //. Algae usually floats on top of the river like a sudsy foam. Another example of Protists in a Freshwater river is bacteria. A certain type of protist that is found in Freshwater rivers is //Heterotrophic.// The //planktonic// is example of a //Heterotrophic.// It thrives in many places throughout the river. Those are just a few of the many examples of protists in a Fresh Water River.





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__<span style="color: rgb(243, 157, 53); font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Fungi __
<span style="color: rgb(17, 212, 61);"> <span style="color: rgb(23, 176, 39);"><span style="color: rgb(17, 212, 61);">There are 600 species of fungi in a Freshwater River!! The Kingdom Fungi includes some of the most important organisms, both in terms of their ecological and economic roles. **Fungi** is any organism, including mushrooms, yeasts, molds, rusts, and others, characterized by lack of chlorophyll and by subsistence on organic matter. They absorb their own food are multi-celled, and have noo chlorophyll. By breaking down dead organic material, they continue the cycle of nutrients through ecosystems. In addition, most vascular plants could not grow without the symbiotic fungi, or **mycorrhizae**, that inhabit their roots and supply essential nutrients. Other fungi provide numerous drugs (such as penicillin and other antibiotics), foods like mushrooms, truffles and morels, and the bubbles in bread, champagne, and beer.Fungi also cause a number of plant and animal diseases: in humans, ringworm, athlete's foot, and several more serious diseases are caused by fungi. Because fungi are more chemically and genetically similar to animals than other organisms, this makes fungal diseases very difficult to treat. Plant diseases caused by fungi include rusts, smuts, and leaf, root, and stem rots, and may cause severe damage to crops. However, a number of fungi, in particular the yeasts, are important "model organisms" for studying problems in genetics and molecular biology. <span style="color: rgb(13, 192, 242);"><span style="color: rgb(15, 201, 219);">A freshwater river has fungi, expecially on it's banks. Fungi grows in many different types of places, and in a freshwater river is just one of them. One type of fungi that grows in a freshwater river is //Clohesyomyces aquaticus//. There is not a common name for this particular example. It was found on submerged pieces of wood, near the shallower parts of the river. It is apart of the //Acanthostigma// and //Tubeufia// species. This s a <span style="color: rgb(17, 209, 238);">Tropical Australian freshwater fungi.



<span style="color: rgb(255, 110, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(245, 71, 50);"> <span style="color: rgb(232, 53, 243);">Another type of fungi that lives in a freshwater river is //Tiarosporella paludosa//. Like the //Clohesyomyces aquaticus//, it lives on submerged peices of wood. These two examples of fungi are similar in many ways and the //Tiarosporella paludosa// doesn't hve a common name either. Most of the fungi that you would find actually in the rivers, are probably microscopic but the banks are just blooming with many types of fungi.



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In a Fresh Water River, there are many plants. There are plants both on the banks, and in the    water __plants-__ Plants are living organisms that have cell walls, chlorophyll, and are multi-celled. <span style="color: rgb(39, 245, 15); font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: rgb(39, 245, 15); font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="color: rgb(21, 183, 94);"><span style="color: rgb(7, 8, 7); font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">One example of a plant in a freshwater river is a Purple Loosestrife:
 * Kingdom- Plantae**

<span style="color: rgb(21, 183, 94);">**Division : Magnoliophyta

Class : Magnoliopsida

Order: Myrtales

Family: Lythraceae

Genus: //Lythrum//

species: //salicaria//**

The Purple Loosestrife is found on the banks of the river. Purple Loosestrife is the common name.



<span style="color: rgb(199, 20, 219);">Another example of a plant in a Freshwater River is //Hygrohypnum ochraceum//. It is a Bryophyta, and it is similar to moss. It lives on the sides of the river. The common name is Hygrohypnum Moss. =<span style="color: rgb(103, 8, 186); font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"><span style="color: rgb(142, 0, 255);"> =

<span style="color: rgb(199, 20, 219);">**Kingdom: Kingdom Plantae

Division : Bryophyta

Class : Bryopsida

Order: Hypnales

Family: Amblystegiaceae

Genus: //Hygrohypnum//

species: //orchraceum//**



<span style="color: rgb(90, 159, 242);">__**Flat Fork Fern**__ <span style="color: rgb(27, 222, 57); font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> A Flat Fork Fern is located on the banks of the river as well. Its scientific name is //Psilotum complanatum.//

<span style="color: rgb(90, 159, 242);">**Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Pteridophyta

Class : Psilotopsida

Order: Psilotaceae

Family: Psilotaceae

Genus: //Psilotum//

species://complanatum//**

The common name is a Flat Fork Fern.

**__<span style="color: rgb(221, 44, 44);">Welwitschia __**
<span style="color: rgb(221, 44, 44);">Another example of a plant in a freshwater river is //Welwitschia mirabillis.//

It is commonly known as Welwitschia.

<span style="color: rgb(221, 44, 44);">**Kingdom- Kingdom Plantae

Phylum-Gnetophyta

Class-Gnetopsida

Order-Welwitschiales

Family-Welwitschiaceae

Genus-//Welwitschia//

species-**//**mirabillis**//

This plant is found on the banks of the river. It is a called the ugliest plant in the world.



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=__<span style="color: rgb(130, 45, 205);">Gingko Trees __=

<span style="color: rgb(130, 45, 205);">**Kingdom: Plantae

Division:Ginkgophyta

Class: Ginkoopsida

Order: Ginkgoales

Family: Ginkgoaceae

Genus:** <span style="color: rgb(130, 45, 205);">**//Ginkgo//

species:** //**biloba**//

This plant is found on the banks of the river, and are commonly known as Ginkgo Trees. People also call these Maiden Hair trees.



__**<span style="color: rgb(231, 112, 19);">Liverworts **__
<span style="color: rgb(231, 112, 19);">An example of another plant by a Freshwater River is a //**Porella platyphylla.**//

They are commonly known as liverworts.

<span style="color: rgb(231, 112, 19);">**Kingdom-Plantae

Phylum-Hepatophyta

Class-Hepaticophyta

Order-Jungermanniales

Family-Porellaceae

Genus-//Porella//

species- //platyphylla//**

These liverwarts (Porella platyphylla) are also found around the shoreline of the river.



<span style="color: rgb(0, 156, 255);">Another example of a plant in a Freshwater river is //Pityroidia viscida.//

<span style="color: rgb(0, 156, 255);">**Kingdom-Plantae

Division-Pteriodophyta

Class-Psilotopsida

Order-Psilotales

Family-Psilotaceae

Genus-//Pityrodia//

species-** //**viscida**//

These are fern-like plants, and they live on the banks of the river. There is no common name for them.



**__Animals__**
Our first animal is commonly known as a <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Southern Leopard frog. It is scientifically known as <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 204);"><span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">//Rana spehnocephala//. It is located in fairly shallow water as well as on land. It is an amphibian. As tadpoles, they are herbivores, but as they grow older and learn how to catch things, they become carnivores.
 * __Southern Leopard Frog__**


 * Kingdom-Animalia

Phylum-Chordata

Class-Amphibia

Order-Anura

Family-Ranidae

Genus//-Rana//

species****//-spehnocephala//**



Shingleback Lizard
This Shingleback Lizard lives mainly on the banks of the river. It is commonly known as the Shingleback Lizard and scientifically called //Tiliqua rugosa.// This lizard is an amphibian and a vertebrate. It is an omnivore and it eats snails and plants.

Phylum-Chordata Class-Reptilia Order-Squamata Family-Scincidae Genus-//Tiliqua// species-//rugosa//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



This animal is commonly known as a European Moose. They have large, long legs  and broad hooves enable the moose to plow through the river water. It is the largest living member of the deer family. These animals live on the banks of the river, but occasionally go into the river. These animals are **herbivores,** and they eat plants that grow on the banks of the river and the plants can sometimes be quite close, or even in shallow parts of the water.This moose is a mammal.
 * __European Moose__**

Phylum:Chordata Class:Mammalia Order:Artiodactyla Family:Cervidae Genus://Alces// species:a//lces//**
 * Kingdom:Animalia



Deer
Another mammal is a deer. These deer roam around the rivers banks. They are herbivores because they eat plants. The common name for these deer are Musk Deer.

Phylum-Chordata Class-Mammalia Order-Artiodactyla Family-Moschidae Genus-//Moschus// species-//crysogaster//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Arrau Turtle
An Arrau River Turtle is a reptile. It is an omnivore. It mostly eats plants but it does eat some meat. It lives both in the water, and on big boulders in the river. The common name is an Arrau River Turtle. The scientific name is //Podocnemis expansa.//

Phylum-Chordata Class-Reptilia Order-Testudines Family-Podocnemididae Genus-//Podocnemis// species-//expansa//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Wart Snakes
Snakes come in a variety of colors, and kinds. This particular snake is carniverous, and lives at the bottom of the river waiting for fish to come by and then it eats them. The common name is a Wart Snake, but the scientific name is //Acrochordus arafurae.//

Phylum-Chordata Class-Reptilia Order-Squamata Family-Acrochordidae Genus-//Acrochordus// species-//arafurae//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia




 * Flatworms-**

Flatworms love to lurk in dark places in waterways. They are found in shallow parts of the rivers and lakes. These worms are mostly **carnivorous** and prey on invertebrates small enough to be preyed on. They also eat the dead bodies of animals that sink to the bottom of the river. This particular flatworm is //Morishitium dumetellae.// The common name for //Morishitium dumetellae// is a flatworm.


 * Kingdom- Animilia

Phylum- Platyhelminthes Class-Tremetoda

Order-Echinostomida

Family-Cyclocoelata

Genus- //Morishitium//

species-//dumetellae//**



//**Mesoophorodiplostomum pricei**// Another type of a **flatworm** is a //Mesoophorodiplostomum// pricei. It lives in the same areas as the //Moishitium dumetellae//. (dark waterways, in shallow water.) Its common name is a flatworm. This animal is also carniverous and preys on small invertebrates.

Phylum-Orthonectida Class-Turbellaria Order-Tricladida Family-Codonocephalus Genus-//Mesoophorodiplostomum// species-//pricei//**
 * Kingdom-Anamalia



<span style="color: rgb(255, 129, 0);">Producers

 * __Creeping Rivergrass__**

One example of a **producer** is commonly called **Creeping Rivergrass**. It is located on the banks of the river and on islands within the river.

Phylum-Magnoliophyta Class-Liliopsida Order-Poales Family-Poales Genus-//Echinochloa// species-//polystachya//**
 * Kingdom-Plantae



//Lemanea fluviatilis//
Another **producer** is algae. It lives on the surface of the river. A specific name for this type of algae is //Lemanea fluviatilis.//

Phylum- Rhodophyta Class- Florideophyceae Order- Batrachospermales Family- Lemaneaceae Genus- //Lemanea// species-**//**fluviatilis**
 * Kingdom -Protista

//

Leaves are plentiful and yummy to animals. It is a producer and is very healthy for animals to consume. A specific type of leaf that animals in or by a freshwater river enjoy are //Sequoia sempervirens.// These leaves are found on conifers. These leaves are producers for the animals around them.

Phylum-Pinophyta Class-Pinopsida Order-Pinales Family-Cupressaceae Genus-//Sequoia// species-//sempervirens//**
 * Kingdom-Plantae



Moss
Another producer is moss. Moss is found on the banks of the river, sometimes under trees. A specific type of moss is //Takakia lepidozoids.//

Phylum-Bryophyta Class- Takakiopsida Order- Takakiales Family- Takakiaceae Genus- //Takakia// species-//lepidozoids//**
 * Kingdom-Plantae



Hosta
One more producer is the Hosta plant. It is commonly known as a Hosta plant, and a specific kind is a //Hosta albafarinoso//. It is consumed by many animals such as deer and insects.


 * Kingdom-Plantae**
 * Phylum-Angiosperm**
 * Class-Monocots**
 * Order-Asparagales**
 * Family-Agavacaea**
 * Genus-//Hosta//**
 * species-//albafarinoso//

**

Harlequin Duck
This animal is a bird. It is an omnivore. It eats bugs, and some small fish, but also eats plants. It is a vertebrate and is commonly known as a Harlequin Duck. Specifically it is called //Histrionicus histrionicus.//

Phylum-Chordata Class-Aves Order-Anseriforms Family-Anatidae Genus-//Histrionicus// species-//histrionicus//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



=Downey Woodpecker= This animal is found in trees and around the banks of the river. It is an **omnivore**. It is a bird. It eats small bugs and grub as well as seeds.


 * Kingdom: <span class="wiki_link_ext">Animalia

Phylum: <span class="wiki_link_ext">Chordata

Class: <span class="wiki_link_ext">Aves

Order: <span class="wiki_link_ext">Piciformes

Family: <span class="wiki_link_ext">Picidae

Genus: //<span class="wiki_link_ext">Picoides //

species:** **//<span class="wiki_link_ext">pubescens //**



=roundworms=

Roundworms can be found almost anywhere. The roundworms of a Freshwater river are found on the banks of the river but are found in the river as well. They are mostly carniverous. Their common name is nemotodes, otherwise known as roundworms. Specifically, this species is called //Cobbonchus palustris.//

Phylum-Nematoda Class-Adenophorea Order-Dorylaimida Family****-Cobbonchus Genus-//Cobbonchus// species-//palustris//**
 * Kingdom-Anamalia



//**Megalobatrachonema yamaguti**//
Another example of roundworms is, which lives all over the river biome. Its common name is nemotode, or roundworm. This animal is a carnivore.

Phylum-Nematoda Class-Secernentea Order-Ascaridida Family-Ascomycota Genus-//Megalobatrachonema// species-//yamaguti//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Jawless Fish
One example of a Jawless Fish is //Petromyzon marinus.// It is a carnivore and preys on healthy fish. It lives in the river near the middle and bottom. Its common name is a Jawless Fish.

Phylum-** **Chordata Class- Myxini Order- Myxiniformes Family- Myxinidae** **Genus-//Petromyzon// species-//marinus//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



//**Petromyzon epihexodon**//
Another type of Jawless Fish is a Petromyzon epihexodon. This fish is also carniverous and is basically the same animal as the one above, but is a little different. It lives in the river. The common name is a Jawless Fish.

Phylum-Chordata Class-Cephalaspidomorphi Order-Petromyzontiformes Family-Petromyzontidae Genus-//Petromyzon// species-//epihexodon//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Burgundy Snail
An example of a mollusk is a snail. Snails in a Freshwater River live on the banks of the shore, in damp areas. The common name is **Burgundy Snail.** These snails are edible. It is an herbivore.

Phylum-Molluska Class- Gastropoda Order- Pulmonata Family- Helicidae Genus- //Helix// species- //pomatia// **
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Leatherleaf Slug
Another example of a Mollusk is a slug. Slugs usually live on the banks of the river. The common name for this slug is a Leatherleaf. It is a herbivore.

Kingdom-Animalia Phlyum-Mollusca Class- Gastropoda Order- Pulmonata Family **-** Veronicellidae Genus- //Laevicaulis// species-//alte//



Segmented Worms
One example of a Segmented Worm is a Night Crawler. It is similar to an earthworm. People like to use these for fish bait when they go fishing. These animals live in holes in the ground and that makes them very hard to catch. They are commonly known as Night Crawlers, or Earthworms. They are decomposers, because they they eat decaying material in the ground.
 * Night Crawlers**

Phlyum- Annelida Class- Clitellata Order- Haplotaxida Family- Lumbricidae Genus- //Lumbricus// species- //terrestris// **
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Another example of a Segmented Worm is a //Lamellibrachia luymesi//. These are found in damp environments such as the soil of a river. These are also decomposers because their diet is decaying plants and materials. The common name for these is an Earthworm.

Phylum- Annelida Class- Pogonophora Order-Vestimentifera Family- Lamellibrachiidae Genus-//Lamellibrachia// species-//luymesi//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Arthropods
One example of an Arthropod is a a spider. This spider is called //Harmochirus duboscqi.// These live on the banks of the river. It is commonly known as a Wolf Spider. It is a carnnivore.

Phylum- Arthropoda Class- Arachnida Order- Araneae Family-Salticidae Genus-//Harmochirus// species-//duboscqi//**
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Butterfly
Another example of an arthropod is a butterfly. They are omnivores. They flutter and roam around the river, usually nesting on plants. Their common name is

Kingdom-Animalia Phylum- Arthropoda Class- Insecta Orde r- Lepidoptera Family- //Acridoidea // Genus//-Celes// species-//skalozubovi//



Cartilaginous Fish
One example of a Cartilaginous Fish is a Sawfish. A specific name is //Pristis microdon//. It is commonly known as a Freshwater Sawfish, or a Broadbill Sawfish. They live near the bottom of the river in sand and mud bottomed rivers. Its a carnivore.
 * Broadbill Sawfish**

Phylum- Chordata Class- Chondrichthyes Order- Pristiformes Family-Pristidae Genus- // Pristis // species- //microdon// **
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Another Cartilaginous fish from freshwater is an Arctic Char. It lives in both Salt water, and freshwater. It is commonly known as an Arctic Char. It lives in the river. It is an omnivore.
 * Arctic Char**

Kingdom-Animalia Phylum- Chordata Class- Actinopterygii Order- Salmoniformes Family- Salmonidae Genus- //Salvelinus// species- //alpinus//



Bony Fishes
An example of a Bony fish is an Arowana. It is commonly known as an Arowana, or a "Bonytongue". It lives in the river. It is a carnivore and eats almost anything that fits into its mouth.
 * Arowana**

Phylum- Chordata Class- Actinopterygii Order- Osteoglossiformes Family- Osteoglossidae Genus- //Osteoglossum// species- //bicirrhosum// **
 * Kingdom-Animalia



Australian Smelt
Another bony fish in a Freshwater River is //Retropinna semoni.// It is a river fish and it lives in the river. It is found mainly in Australia. Its common name is the Australian Smelt. It is an omnivore. It eats other fish and aquatic insects, planktonic organisms, and some plants.

Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Mollusca Class- Gastropoda Order- Mesogastropoda Family- Viviparidae Genus-//Retropinna// species- //semoni//



Another herbivore in a river is a beaver. They swim around in the river, sometimes stopping in some shallow water. Its common name is a beaver.
 * Beaver**

Kingdom-Animalia Phlyum-Chordata Class- Mammalia Order- Rodentia Family- Castoridae Genus- //Castor// species-//californicus//



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